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A r)10(e)14(ality in )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 497.03 604.6772 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 589.6772 Tm [(which s)20(t)21(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 3.928 0 TD <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD [( ar)10(e demor)24(alised, angr)-25(y and anxious about the futur)10(e of higher educ)10(a)14(tion it)10(self)50(. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 464.8579 589.6772 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 15 0 0 15 70.8663 558.6772 Tm 0 0 0 .89 k -.0101 Tc .0001 Tw [(A dec)9.9(ade of decline f)9.9(or pensions, p)10.9(ay and w)7.9(orking c)27.9(onditions)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15 0 0 15 463.1663 558.6772 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 538.0079 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(In UK universities, the las)19.8(t dec)9.8(ade has seen a r)23.8(apid rise in insecur)9.8(e employment and e)6.8(x)16.8(c)20.8(essive )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 480.5135 538.0079 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 523.0079 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(worklo)13.9(ads a)13.9(t)-.1( the same time as p)13.9(ay and pensions have been er)9.9(oded.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 365.5279 523.0079 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 500.5079 Tm -.0151 Tc .0001 Tw [(Ar)9.9(ound 70,000 ac)9.9(ademics ar)9.9(e employed on t)13.9(empor)23.9(ar)-25.1(y)34.9(,)-.1( fix)16.9(ed-)25.9(t)13.9(erm c)20.9(ontr)23.9(ac)9.9(t)9.9(s, whils)19.9(t ar)9.9(ound )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 452.5518 500.5079 Tm -.02 Tc 0 Tw [(66,000 mor)10(e )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 506.0815 500.5079 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 485.5079 Tm -.0202 Tc .0002 Tw [(ar)9.8(e employed via a)13.8(typic)9.8(al c)20.8(ontr)23.8(ac)9.8(t)9.8(s)-.2( which lack b)13.8(asic employment pr)9.8(o)16.8(t)13.8(ec)9.8(tions)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 393.5449 485.5079 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw (.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /F2 1 Tf 6.3 0 0 6.3 396.0018 488.9729 Tm 0 1 0 0 k (2)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 399.322 485.5079 Tm 0 0 0 1 k ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 463.0079 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(A series of below infla)13.9(tion p)13.9(ay o)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 13.118 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .567 0 TD -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(ers me)13.8(ans the v)19.8(alue of s)19.8(t)20.8(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 10.717 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [( p)13.9(ay has f)19.9(allen by mor)9.9(e than a quart)13.9(er)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 497.8069 463.0079 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 448.0079 Tm [(\(25.5%\) sinc)21(e 2009, with equality p)14(ay g)16(aps me)14(aning women, black and minority e)10(thnic and disabled)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 505.0625 448.0079 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 433.0079 Tm -.0205 Tc (sta)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 1.22 0 TD 0 Tc <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD [( ar)10(e being hit even har)10(der)57(. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 205.1614 433.0079 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 410.5079 Tm -.015 Tc [(Me)14(anwhile, c)21(o)0(s)20(t)26(-cut)20(ting me)14(asur)10(es c)21(ombined with a rise in manag)14(erialism and the use of arbitr)24(ar)-25(y me)10(trics)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 513.1999 410.5079 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 395.5079 Tm -.0151 Tc .0001 Tw [(f)9.9(or assessing quality have led t)13.9(o)-.1( hug)13.9(ely incr)9.9(e)13.9(ased pr)9.9(essur)9.9(es on s)19.9(t)20.9(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 26.396 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .562 0 TD -.015 Tc [( time, imp)14(ac)10(ting their ment)21(al he)14(alth and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 523.5109 395.5079 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 380.5079 Tm -.0154 Tc (wellbeing. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 116.5413 380.5079 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 358.0079 Tm -.015 Tc [(F)14(or the 204,000 educ)10(a)14(tion s)20(t)21(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 11.767 0 TD 0 Tc <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .562 0 TD -.0152 Tc .0002 Tw [( who have their pensions in the Universities Super)23.8(annua)13.8(tion Scheme,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /F2 1 Tf 6.3 0 0 6.3 492.0527 361.4729 Tm 0 1 0 0 k -.025 Tc 0 Tw (3 )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 6.3 0 0 6.3 496.488 361.4729 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 343.0079 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0151 Tc .0001 Tw [(240k on aver)23.9(ag)13.9(e has been cut fr)9.9(om their r)9.9(e)9.9(tir)9.9(ement inc)20.9(ome sinc)20.9(e 2011. F)15.9(urther)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 406.4988 343.0079 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw [( cut)10(s t)14(o)0( U)10(S)14(S pensions )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 501.7654 343.0079 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 328.0079 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(intr)9.9(oduc)20.9(ed this ye)13.9(ar will see a typic)9.9(al lec)9.9(tur)9.9(er lose 35% fr)9.9(om their guar)23.9(ant)13.9(eed r)9.9(e)9.9(tir)9.9(ement inc)20.9(ome. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 496.001 328.0079 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 1 0 0 k /GS1 gs 70.866 27.843 28.347 22.677 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 99.213 27.843 425.197 22.677 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 99.213 790.362 425.197 22.678 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 71.213 812.873 23.365 -22.417 re W n .87 .94 0 .47 k /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 82.927 796.516 cm 0 0 m -2.9899 0 -5.16 2.2532 -5.16 5.4163 c -5.16 5.4127 l -5.16 16.358 l -11.716 16.358 l -11.716 5.5428 l -11.714 5.5428 l -11.714 -.9525 -6.616 -6.0623 -.121 -6.0623 c 1.7835 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0 0 14 81.9073 34.9961 Tm 0 0 0 0 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (2)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 259.0563 797.3701 Tm 0 .25 0 0 k [(UK HIGHER EDUCA)73(TION: A WORKF)10(ORCE IN CRISIS)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 12 0 0 12 450.5756 35.8504 Tm (MARCH 2022)Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 .7 k 70.866 255.724 382.671 25.512 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 .25 0 0 k 70.871 229.389 382.671 25.512 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 70.866 282.134 382.671 25.512 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 .7 k 70.866 202.877 382.671 25.512 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 .25 0 0 k 70.871 176.543 382.671 25.512 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 .7 k 70.866 150.031 382.671 25.512 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 .25 0 0 k 70.871 106.755 382.671 42.453 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT8 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 75.9536 291.0149 Tm 0 1 0 0 k (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 87.2922 291.0149 Tm [(P)34(ay do)8(wn 25.5% sinc)28(e 2009)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 215.1717 291.0149 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT8 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 75.9536 264.6763 Tm 0 0 0 0 k (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 87.2922 264.6763 Tm [(70k ac)10(ademic)34(-r)10(ela)18(t)18(ed s)20(t)20(a)]TJ /TT3 1 Tf 10.974 0 TD <000d>Tj /TT4 1 Tf .657 0 TD [( on t)18(empor)28(ar)-7(y c)28(ontr)28(ac)10(t)10(s)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 320.0562 264.6763 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT8 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 75.9536 238.3377 Tm 0 1 0 0 k (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 87.2922 238.3377 Tm [(15k ac)10(ademic r)10(ela)18(t)18(ed s)20(t)20(a)]TJ /TT3 1 Tf 10.876 0 TD <000d>Tj /TT4 1 Tf .657 0 TD [( on t)18(empor)28(ar)-7(y c)28(ontr)28(ac)10(t)10(s)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 319.0273 238.3377 Tm 0 0 0 0 k ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT8 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 75.9536 211.9991 Tm (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 87.2922 211.9991 Tm [(240,000 cut fr)10(om the av)8(er)28(ag)18(e member)9()35(s)0( pension sinc)28(e 2011)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 364.5659 211.9991 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT8 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 75.9536 185.6606 Tm 0 1 0 0 k (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 87.2922 185.6606 Tm -.0006 Tc .0006 Tw [(Half of s)19.4(t)19.4(a)]TJ /TT3 1 Tf 4.432 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <000d>Tj /TT4 1 Tf .657 0 TD -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [( r)9.8(eporting signs of depr)9.8(ession)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /F2 1 Tf 6.3 0 0 6.3 277.3842 189.1255 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw (4)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 281.0699 185.6606 Tm 0 0 0 0 k ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT8 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 75.9536 159.3221 Tm (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 87.2922 159.3221 Tm [(One in fiv)8(e ac)10(ademics s)20(t)20(a)]TJ /TT3 1 Tf 11.03 0 TD <000d>Tj /TT4 1 Tf .657 0 TD [( w)8(orking an e)16(x)28(tr)28(a 16 hour)8(s \(2 days\) per w)8(eek)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /F2 1 Tf 6.3 0 0 6.3 414.9868 162.787 Tm (4)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 418.6725 159.3221 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT8 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 75.9536 132.9834 Tm 0 1 0 0 k (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 87.2922 132.9834 Tm [(The g)18(ender p)11(ay g)19(ap in UK univ)8(er)8(sities is 16%, whils)20(t the disability p)11(ay g)19(ap )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 429.0463 132.9834 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 87.2922 117.9834 Tm [(is 9% and the r)28(a)0(c)28(e)0( p)11(ay g)19(ap is up t)18(o)0( 17%.)]TJ ET EMC Q endstream endobj 85 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 95 0 obj <> endobj 129 0 obj <> endobj 131 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 841.89 595.276 -841.89 re 297.645 420.96 m W n .015015 841.89 595.29 -841.89 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 173.5425 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw [(The findings also r)24(aise serious ques)20(tions about the futur)10(e of the sec)10(t)14(or and whe)10(ther it will be able t)14(o)0( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 507.6139 173.5425 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 158.5425 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(deliver on it)9.9(s f)9.9(ounda)13.9(tional purposes whils)19.9(t s)19.9(t)20.9(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 19.129 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [( ar)9.9(e so chr)9.9(onic)9.9(ally under)-25.1(v)19.9(alued. F)13.9(our in five \(81%\) of )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 507.9604 158.5425 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 143.5425 Tm -.0003 Tc .0003 Tw [(the young)13.7(es)19.7(t s)19.7(t)20.7(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 6.817 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .527 0 TD -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(, ag)13.9(ed be)9.9(tween 18 and 29, ar)9.9(e c)20.9(onsidering le)13.9(aving higher educ)9.9(a)13.9(tion in the ne)6.9(x)23.9(t)-.1( five)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 506.4695 143.5425 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 128.5425 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(ye)13.8(ars due t)13.8(o)-.2( lack of pr)9.8(ogr)9.8(ess on p)13.8(ay and c)20.8(onditions, with a majority of all work)17.8(ers citing worklo)13.8(ad, p)13.8(a)-.2(y)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 515.9824 128.5425 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 113.5425 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(and c)9.8(asualisa)13.8(tion as the bigg)13.8(es)19.8(t drivers. The imp)13.8(ac)9.8(t of employer policies also e)6.8(x)23.8(t)13.8(ends t)13.8(o)-.2( r)9.8(ese)13.8(ar)9.8(ch, with)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 517.8201 113.5425 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 98.5425 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(thr)9.9(ee quart)13.9(ers of those in r)9.9(ese)13.9(ar)9.9(ch r)9.9(oles saying they ar)9.9(e lik)17.9(ely or ver)-25.1(y)-.1( lik)17.9(ely t)13.9(o)-.1( le)13.9(ave the sec)9.9(t)13.9(o)-.1(r)56.9(.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 479.2746 98.5425 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 1 0 0 k /GS1 gs 70.866 27.843 28.347 22.677 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 99.213 27.843 425.197 22.677 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 99.213 790.362 425.197 22.678 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 71.213 812.873 23.365 -22.417 re W n .87 .94 0 .47 k /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 82.927 796.516 cm 0 0 m -2.9899 0 -5.16 2.2532 -5.16 5.4163 c -5.16 5.4127 l -5.16 16.358 l -11.716 16.358 l -11.716 5.5428 l -11.714 5.5428 l -11.714 -.9525 -6.616 -6.0623 -.121 -6.0623 c 1.7835 -6.0623 11.634 -6.0623 y 11.634 16.358 l 5.0913 16.358 l 5.0913 5.4127 l 5.0913 2.2519 2.9875 0 0 0 c f Q Q 0 .9 0 0 k /GS1 gs 1 i q 1 0 0 1 88.819 799.596 cm 0 0 m -1.5225 0 -2.6259 1.1474 -2.6259 2.7582 c -2.6259 4.4128 -1.5225 5.6042 0 5.6042 c 1.0811 5.6042 1.9856 5.0306 2.4046 4.0601 c 5.7368 4.0601 l 5.1627 6.8181 2.7798 8.6932 -.1105 8.6932 c -3.3759 8.6932 -5.9355 6.1338 -5.9355 2.8242 c -5.9355 -.4856 -3.3318 -3.0889 -.0223 -3.0889 c 2.7581 -3.0889 5.1188 -1.2137 5.7588 1.4783 c 2.427 1.4783 l 1.7651 .4414 1.0369 0 0 0 c f Q q 71.213 812.873 23.365 -22.417 re W n q 1 0 0 1 77.175 799.777 cm 0 0 m -1.5225 0 -2.6277 1.1473 -2.6277 2.7581 c -2.6277 2.7563 l -2.6277 8.3297 l -5.9655 8.3297 l -5.9655 2.8226 l -5.9655 -.485 -3.3689 -3.0872 -.0615 -3.0872 c .9082 -3.0872 5.9243 -3.0872 y 5.9243 8.3297 l 2.5926 8.3297 l 2.5926 2.7563 l 2.5926 1.1467 1.5214 0 0 0 c f Q EMC /P <>BDC Q q 0 841.89 595.276 -841.89 re 297.645 420.96 m W n .015015 841.89 595.29 -841.89 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 81.9073 34.9961 Tm 0 0 0 0 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (3)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 259.0563 797.3701 Tm 0 .25 0 0 k [(UK HIGHER EDUCA)73(TION: A WORKF)10(ORCE IN CRISIS)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 12 0 0 12 450.5756 35.8504 Tm (MARCH 2022)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 748.9754 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0156 Tc .0006 Tw [(The f)19.4(ailur)9.4(e of university employers, r)9.4(epr)9.4(esent)13.4(ed by)]TJ 20.325 0 TD [( Universities UK and University and Colle)9.4(g)13.4(es Employers)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 516.1096 748.9754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 733.9754 Tm [(A)-23(ssocia)14(tion, t)14(o)0( addr)10(ess s)20(t)21(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 11.032 0 TD <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [( c)20.9(onc)20.9(erns about these issues has driven a series of indus)19.9(trial disput)13.9(es which)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 522.6091 733.9754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 718.9754 Tm [(has seen almos)20(t annual disrup)17(tion t)14(o)0( s)20(tudent le)14(arning and an er)10(osion of g)14(oodwill within the sec)10(t)14(o)0(r)57(.)0( This)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 522.1683 718.9754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 703.9754 Tm -.0153 Tc .0003 Tw [(ac)9.7(ademic ye)13.7(ar alone, members have t)20.7(a)-.3(k)17.7(en p)13.7(art in a)13.7(t)-.3( le)13.7(as)19.7(t 13 days of ac)9.7(tion over p)13.7(ay and c)20.7(onditions and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 506.8066 703.9754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 688.9754 Tm -.015 Tc (pensions.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 111.6599 688.9754 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 113.7599 688.9754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 666.4754 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(The intr)23.8(ansig)13.8(enc)20.8(e on the p)13.8(art of employers has no)16.8(t only been me)9.8(t with ang)13.8(er by UC)13.8(U members but also)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 521.1182 666.4754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 651.4754 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(a deepening sense of unhappiness about the w)9.8(ay universities ar)9.8(e being manag)13.8(ed. The we)13.8(ak)17.8(ening of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 506.1766 651.4754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 636.4754 Tm -.0205 Tc (sta)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 1.22 0 TD 0 Tc <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0005 Tc .0005 Tw [( involvement in university g)13.5(overnanc)20.5(e has led t)13.5(o)]TJ 20.026 0 TD -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [( a gr)9.8(owing disc)20.8(onnec)9.8(t be)9.8(tween the decisions of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 506.1976 636.4754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 621.4754 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(le)13.8(aders and their e)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 7.727 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .567 0 TD [(ec)10(t)10(s)0( on s)20(t)21(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 4.398 0 TD <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .527 0 TD (.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 212.2816 621.4754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 15 0 0 15 70.8674 590.4754 Tm 0 0 0 .89 k -.0102 Tc .0002 Tw [(R)9.8(e)5.8(v)7.8(e)10.8(aling the e)15.8(x)27.8(t)17.8(ent of the pr)9.8(oblem)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15 0 0 15 301.7655 590.4754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 569.8061 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [(It is f)10(or this r)10(e)14(ason UC)14(U c)21(onduc)10(t)14(ed a sur)-25(vey of members in UK higher educ)10(a)14(tion. We w)10(ant)14(ed t)14(o)0( t)14(e)0(s)20(t)0( the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 515.4692 569.8061 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 554.8061 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(e)6.8(x)23.8(t)13.8(ent t)13.8(o)-.2( which these f)9.8(eelings wer)9.8(e)-.2( being r)9.8(eplic)9.8(a)13.8(t)13.8(ed acr)9.8(oss universities in the UK. We ask)17.8(ed members)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 511.2272 554.8061 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 539.8061 Tm .0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(about their r)10.1(oles, their views about the futur)10.1(e of higher educ)10.1(a)14.1(tion and how they f)10.1(elt about the lack of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 510.093 539.8061 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 524.8061 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(pr)9.8(ogr)9.8(ess on the issues we know ma)13.8(t)19.8(t)13.8(er t)13.8(o)-.2( them.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 279.324 524.8061 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 502.3061 Tm -.015 Tc [(The r)10(esult)10(s, g)16(ained fr)10(om almos)20(t 7,000 r)10(esponses, ar)10(e no)17(t f)10(or the f)20(aint he)14(art)14(ed. Nor ar)10(e the 2,036 e)7(x)10(amples)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 512.1512 502.3061 Tm 0 Tc ( of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 523.0081 502.3061 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 487.3061 Tm -.0004 Tc .0004 Tw [(personal t)13.6(e)-.4(s)19.6(timony fr)9.6(om university s)19.6(t)20.6(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 15.978 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD [( who described in de)10(t)21(ail how angr)-25(y and demor)24(alised they f)10(eel.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 514.8706 487.3061 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 464.8061 Tm -.0003 Tc .0003 Tw [(Many UC)13.7(U members f)9.7(eel deeply under)-25.3(v)19.7(alued by university le)13.7(aders and ver)-25.3(y)-.3( f)9.7(e)-5.3(w ar)9.7(e op)16.7(timis)19.7(tic about the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 524.2892 464.8061 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 449.8061 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(futur)9.9(e of the sec)9.9(t)13.9(o)-.1(r)56.9(.)-.1( T)65.9(o)-.1( our members, the a)13.9(t)19.9(t)20.9(acks on their pensions, p)13.9(ay and working c)20.9(onditions ar)9.9(e no)16.9(t)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 519.4485 449.8061 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 434.8061 Tm -.015 Tc [(jus)20(t deeply unf)20(air)57(, but also undermine their pr)10(of)10(essionalism, pr)10(eventing them fr)10(om delivering the quality)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 510.1035 434.8061 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 512.2034 434.8061 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 419.8061 Tm [(of educ)10(a)14(tion they would lik)18(e t)14(o)10(. Almos)20(t eight in t)14(en r)10(eport)14(ed f)10(eeling held b)14(ack fr)10(om doing their job)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 498.2281 419.8061 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 404.8061 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(pr)9.9(operly)34.9(, a figur)9.9(e which should send shockw)9.9(aves thr)9.9(ough wha)13.9(t is held up t)13.9(o)-.1( be a glob)13.9(ally r)9.9(enowned)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 505.0637 404.8061 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 389.8061 Tm [(sec)10(t)14(o)0(r)57(.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.9105 389.8061 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 367.3061 Tm -.0202 Tc .0002 Tw [(Thr)9.8(ee in five members \(60%\) t)13.8(old us the lack of pr)9.8(ogr)9.8(ess over p)13.8(ay and working c)20.8(onditions m)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 451.6115 367.3061 Tm .0004 Tc -.0004 Tw [(e)14.4(ans tha)14.4(t they)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 513.6876 367.3061 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 352.3061 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(ar)9.8(e lik)17.8(ely t)13.8(o)-.2( le)13.8(ave the sec)9.8(t)13.8(or in the ne)6.8(x)23.8(t)-.2( five ye)13.8(ars. F)13.8(or those f)19.8(acing further cut)9.8(s t)13.8(o)-.2( their U)9.8(S)13.8(S pensions,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 508.8541 352.3061 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8674 337.3061 Tm [(this figur)10(e rises slightly t)14(o)0( 61%. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 278.4427 274.4435 Tm 0 0 0 .65 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(Ov)7.9(er)27.9(all tw)7.9(o-)21.9(thir)9.9(ds of r)9.9(espondent)9.9(s said the)5.9(y w)7.9(e)-.1(r)9.9(e)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 471.5199 274.4435 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 278.4427 262.4435 Tm [(lik)28(ely or v)8(e)0(r)-7(y)0( lik)28(ely t)18(o)0( le)11(av)8(e the univ)8(er)8(sity sec)10(t)18(o)0(r)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 469.864 262.4435 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 278.4427 250.4436 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(within the ne)15.9(x)27.9(t)-.1( fiv)7.9(e y)7.9(e)10.9(ar)7.9(s bec)9.9(ause of pensions, p)10.9(a)-.1(y)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 478.7469 250.4436 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 278.4427 238.4436 Tm [(and w)8(orking c)28(onditions)]TJ ET EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 105.426 300.03 126.498 -80.038 re W n .90625 .78516 .61719 .96875 k q 1 0 0 1 231.924 298.747 cm 0 0 m -.838 1.283 l -17.329 -9.4944 l -16.49 -10.777 l -4.215 -2.7552 l -4.215 -76.563 l -.838 -78.77 l 0 -77.487 l -2.683 -75.734 l -2.683 -1.7536 l 0 0 l f Q Q .90625 .78516 .61719 .96875 k q 1 0 0 1 222.986 258.671 cm 0 0 m 1.711 1.1184 l 1.711 -9.7166 l 0 -8.5983 l 0 0 l h -7.37 -29.21 m 3.681 -36.432 l 3.681 35.699 l -7.37 28.476 l -7.37 -29.21 l f Q 0 .6 0 0 k q 1 0 0 1 193.779 236.215 cm 0 0 m -6.1296 -8.0677 l -7.0824 -9.3219 -6.8382 -11.111 -5.584 -12.064 c -5.0682 -12.456 -4.4621 -12.645 -3.8607 -12.645 c -2.9998 -12.645 -2.1487 -12.257 -1.5877 -11.519 c 5.166 -2.6293 l 5.5693 -2.0986 5.7739 -1.4433 5.7443 -.7774 c 5.6104 2.2386 l -.3825 8.6133 l 0 0 l f Q q 1 0 0 1 186.876 248.009 cm 0 0 m .1034 -.0175 .2064 -.0261 .308 -.0261 c 1.1816 -.026 1.9539 .6035 2.1052 1.4939 c 2.7153 5.0849 3.9081 7.6291 5.2271 9.426 c 4.6406 6.6604 4.6012 4.1331 5.0125 .5995 c 5.2291 -.5148 5.6123 -1.3244 6.0987 -1.9129 c 6.1802 -2.0314 6.2684 -2.1468 6.3699 -2.2548 c 14.464 -10.864 l 16.737 -22.159 l 17.009 -23.514 18.199 -24.449 19.529 -24.449 c 19.716 -24.449 19.906 -24.431 20.096 -24.392 c 21.639 -24.082 22.639 -22.578 22.329 -21.034 c 19.896 -8.9411 l 19.791 -8.4196 19.542 -7.9379 19.177 -7.5503 c 13.182 -1.1728 l 13.2 -.8323 13.197 -.4419 13.17 .01 c 13.022 1.1172 13.007 2.2771 13.071 3.4431 c 12.331 3.8156 l 11.79 4.0879 11.379 4.5522 11.175 5.123 c 8.8109 11.729 l 8.3741 12.949 9.0116 14.297 10.232 14.734 c 10.487 14.825 10.754 14.872 11.024 14.872 c 12.013 14.872 12.902 14.245 13.236 13.313 c 14.175 10.69 l 14.246 11.041 14.315 11.382 14.378 11.707 c 15.033 13.977 14.177 16.695 12.229 17.18 c 11.725 17.306 11.162 17.327 10.585 17.233 c 10.493 17.23 10.399 17.223 10.306 17.205 c 9.9163 17.132 .7409 15.26 -1.4937 2.1053 c -1.6626 1.1114 -.9937 .1689 0 0 c f Q q 1 0 0 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688.0079 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 673.0079 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(within fiv)7.9(e y)7.9(e)10.9(ar)7.9(s bec)9.9(ause of p)10.9(ay and w)7.9(orking c)27.9(onditions)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 328.7043 673.0079 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw (.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 15 0 0 15 331.3188 673.0079 Tm 0 0 0 .89 k ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 1 0 0 k 70.866 27.843 28.347 22.677 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 99.213 27.843 425.197 22.677 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 99.213 790.362 425.197 22.678 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 71.213 812.873 23.365 -22.417 re W n .87 .94 0 .47 k /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 82.927 796.516 cm 0 0 m -2.9899 0 -5.16 2.2532 -5.16 5.4163 c -5.16 5.4127 l -5.16 16.358 l -11.716 16.358 l -11.716 5.5428 l -11.714 5.5428 l -11.714 -.9525 -6.616 -6.0623 -.121 -6.0623 c 1.7835 -6.0623 11.634 -6.0623 y 11.634 16.358 l 5.0913 16.358 l 5.0913 5.4127 l 5.0913 2.2519 2.9875 0 0 0 c f Q Q 0 .9 0 0 k /GS1 gs 1 i q 1 0 0 1 88.819 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And I am tir)9.9(ed of the c)20.9(omple)9.9(t)13.9(e)-.1( f)19.9(ailur)9.9(e of senior )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 461.7883 321.4753 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 305.4753 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(manag)13.9(ement of Universities of the UK t)13.9(o)-.1( t)20.9(a)-.1(k)17.9(e)-.1( seriously their duty of c)9.9(a)-.1(r)9.9(e)-.1( t)13.9(o)-.1( maint)20.9(ain )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 469.3063 305.4753 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 289.4754 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(high s)19.9(t)20.9(andar)9.9(ds of well-being f)9.9(or their s)19.9(t)20.9(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 16.748 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .527 0 TD -.104 Tc (.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 284.7375 289.4754 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 273.4753 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(A lec)9.9(tur)9.9(er a)17.9(t)-.1( the Univ)7.9(er)7.9(sity of Aber)9.9(deen \(30+ y)7.9(e)10.9(ar)7.9(s in the sec)9.9(t)17.9(or\) )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 395.7751 273.4753 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 242.4753 Tm 0 1 0 0 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(Government polic)-6.1(y making quality t)13.9(e)13.9(aching and r)9.9(ese)13.9(ar)9.9(ch impossible, t)13.9(e)13.9(aching solely )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 473.7058 242.4753 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 226.4754 Tm [(with me)10(trics in mind, no)17(t the benefit of the s)20(tudent)10(s.)104()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 329.9398 226.4754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 210.4754 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( A lec)10(tur)10(er a)18(t)0( SO)10(AS \(10)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 201.4828 210.4754 Tm ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 206.5228 210.4754 Tm [(14 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s in the sec)10(t)18(or\) )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 309.8011 210.4754 Tm 0 1 0 0 k ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 179.4754 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(In a sec)9.9(t)13.9(or driven mor)9.9(e than ever by auditing cultur)9.9(e \(REF)71.9(, TEF)71.9(, QEF)71.9(, e)9.9(t)13.9(c.\), these pr)9.9(oc)20.9(esses,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 493.9919 179.4754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 163.4754 Tm [(which ar)10(e me)14(ant t)14(o)0( ensur)10(e tr)24(ansp)14(ar)10(enc)-6(y and quality)35(, do neither and ar)10(e ac)10(tually 'rituals of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 491.5664 163.4754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 147.4753 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(verific)9.9(a)13.9(tion' c)20.9(onc)20.9(erned only with pr)9.9(oc)20.9(edur)23.9(al c)20.9(omplianc)20.9(e. The e)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 26.116 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .567 0 TD [(ec)10(t of this has been the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 480.1633 147.4753 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 131.4754 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(gr)9.9(owth in manag)13.9(ers a)13.9(t)-.1( the e)6.9(xpense of ac)9.9(ademics and support s)19.9(t)20.9(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 26.973 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .527 0 TD -.104 Tc (.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 392.1 131.4754 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 115.4754 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(A lec)9.9(tur)9.9(er a)17.9(t)-.1( the Univ)7.9(er)7.9(sity of No)25.9(t)19.9(tingham \(20)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 309.003 115.4754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 314.0428 115.4754 Tm [(24 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s in the sec)10(t)18(or\) )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 417.321 115.4754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 1 0 0 k /GS1 gs 70.866 27.843 28.347 22.677 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 99.213 27.843 425.197 22.677 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 99.213 790.362 425.197 22.678 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 71.213 812.873 23.365 -22.417 re W n .87 .94 0 .47 k /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 82.927 796.516 cm 0 0 m -2.9899 0 -5.16 2.2532 -5.16 5.4163 c -5.16 5.4127 l -5.16 16.358 l -11.716 16.358 l -11.716 5.5428 l -11.714 5.5428 l -11.714 -.9525 -6.616 -6.0623 -.121 -6.0623 c 1.7835 -6.0623 11.634 -6.0623 y 11.634 16.358 l 5.0913 16.358 l 5.0913 5.4127 l 5.0913 2.2519 2.9875 0 0 0 c f Q Q 0 .9 0 0 k /GS1 gs 1 i q 1 0 0 1 88.819 799.596 cm 0 0 m -1.5225 0 -2.6259 1.1474 -2.6259 2.7582 c -2.6259 4.4128 -1.5225 5.6042 0 5.6042 c 1.0811 5.6042 1.9856 5.0306 2.4046 4.0601 c 5.7368 4.0601 l 5.1627 6.8181 2.7798 8.6932 -.1105 8.6932 c -3.3759 8.6932 -5.9355 6.1338 -5.9355 2.8242 c -5.9355 -.4856 -3.3318 -3.0889 -.0223 -3.0889 c 2.7581 -3.0889 5.1188 -1.2137 5.7588 1.4783 c 2.427 1.4783 l 1.7651 .4414 1.0369 0 0 0 c f Q q 71.213 812.873 23.365 -22.417 re W n q 1 0 0 1 77.175 799.777 cm 0 0 m -1.5225 0 -2.6277 1.1473 -2.6277 2.7581 c -2.6277 2.7563 l -2.6277 8.3297 l -5.9655 8.3297 l -5.9655 2.8226 l -5.9655 -.485 -3.3689 -3.0872 -.0615 -3.0872 c .9082 -3.0872 5.9243 -3.0872 y 5.9243 8.3297 l 2.5926 8.3297 l 2.5926 2.7563 l 2.5926 1.1467 1.5214 0 0 0 c f Q EMC /P <>BDC Q q 0 841.89 595.276 -841.89 re 297.645 420.96 m W n .015015 841.89 595.29 -841.89 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 81.9073 34.9961 Tm 0 0 0 0 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (6)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 259.0563 797.3701 Tm 0 .25 0 0 k [(UK HIGHER EDUCA)73(TION: A WORKF)10(ORCE IN CRISIS)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 12 0 0 12 450.5756 35.8504 Tm (MARCH 2022)Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 251 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 257 0 obj <> endobj 287 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 841.89 595.276 -841.89 re 297.645 420.96 m W n .015015 841.89 595.29 -841.89 re W n /GS1 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 748.9754 Tm 0 1 0 0 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(I f)9.9(eel under)-25.1(v)19.9(alued, over)-19.1(w)3.9(ork)17.9(ed, and g)13.9(ener)23.9(ally despondent)-7.1(, with no chanc)20.9(e of c)9.9(a)-.1(r)9.9(eer )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 470.5979 748.9754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 732.9753 Tm [(development)-7(. Wish I')29(d never g)14(one int)14(o ac)10(ademia.)104( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 317.9488 732.9753 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 716.9754 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [(A lec)10(tur)10(er a)18(t)0( K)16(eele Univ)8(er)8(sity \(20)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 250.1819 716.9754 Tm ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 255.2219 716.9754 Tm [(24 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s in the sec)10(t)18(or\) )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 358.5 716.9754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 685.9754 Tm 0 1 0 0 k [()-13(Worklo)14(ads f)10(or ac)10(ademic r)10(ela)14(t)14(ed s)20(t)21(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 14.873 0 TD <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD [( in f)20(aculties and schools ar)10(e unsus)20(t)21(ainable. We see)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 480.4679 685.9754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 669.9754 Tm [(our ac)10(ademic c)21(olle)14(agues s)20(truggling and w)10(ant t)14(o)0( support and pr)10(of)10(essionalise the ser)-25(vic)21(e)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 481.2239 669.9754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 653.9754 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(Schools pr)9.8(ovide t)13.8(o)-.2( s)19.8(t)20.8(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 9.172 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD [( and s)20(tudent)10(s but it is di)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 9.917 0 TD <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(icult as we ar)9.9(e burning out and ther)9.9(e is )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 482.9459 653.9754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 637.9754 Tm [(no c)21(ommon or c)21(onsis)20(t)14(ent fr)24(amework acr)10(oss HE so some ins)20(titutions ar)10(e chr)10(onic)10(ally )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 463.8883 637.9754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 621.9754 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(underfunding adminis)19.9(tr)23.9(a)13.9(tive and development pos)19.9(t)9.9(s)-.1(.)103.9()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 334.0348 621.9754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2127 605.9754 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [(Ac)10(ademic)34(-r)10(ela)18(t)18(ed w)8(ork)28(er a)18(t)0( Uls)20(t)18(er Univ)8(er)8(sity \(5)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 318.0119 605.9754 Tm ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 323.0518 605.9754 Tm [(9 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s in the sec)10(t)18(or\) )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 420.7861 605.9754 Tm 0 1 0 0 k ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 70.866 27.843 28.347 22.677 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 99.213 27.843 425.197 22.677 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 99.213 790.362 425.197 22.678 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 71.213 812.873 23.365 -22.417 re W n .87 .94 0 .47 k /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 82.927 796.516 cm 0 0 m -2.9899 0 -5.16 2.2532 -5.16 5.4163 c -5.16 5.4127 l -5.16 16.358 l -11.716 16.358 l -11.716 5.5428 l -11.714 5.5428 l -11.714 -.9525 -6.616 -6.0623 -.121 -6.0623 c 1.7835 -6.0623 11.634 -6.0623 y 11.634 16.358 l 5.0913 16.358 l 5.0913 5.4127 l 5.0913 2.2519 2.9875 0 0 0 c f Q Q 0 .9 0 0 k /GS1 gs 1 i q 1 0 0 1 88.819 799.596 cm 0 0 m -1.5225 0 -2.6259 1.1474 -2.6259 2.7582 c -2.6259 4.4128 -1.5225 5.6042 0 5.6042 c 1.0811 5.6042 1.9856 5.0306 2.4046 4.0601 c 5.7368 4.0601 l 5.1627 6.8181 2.7798 8.6932 -.1105 8.6932 c -3.3759 8.6932 -5.9355 6.1338 -5.9355 2.8242 c -5.9355 -.4856 -3.3318 -3.0889 -.0223 -3.0889 c 2.7581 -3.0889 5.1188 -1.2137 5.7588 1.4783 c 2.427 1.4783 l 1.7651 .4414 1.0369 0 0 0 c f Q q 71.213 812.873 23.365 -22.417 re W n q 1 0 0 1 77.175 799.777 cm 0 0 m -1.5225 0 -2.6277 1.1473 -2.6277 2.7581 c -2.6277 2.7563 l -2.6277 8.3297 l -5.9655 8.3297 l -5.9655 2.8226 l -5.9655 -.485 -3.3689 -3.0872 -.0615 -3.0872 c .9082 -3.0872 5.9243 -3.0872 y 5.9243 8.3297 l 2.5926 8.3297 l 2.5926 2.7563 l 2.5926 1.1467 1.5214 0 0 0 c f Q EMC /P <>BDC Q q 0 841.89 595.276 -841.89 re 297.645 420.96 m W n .015015 841.89 595.29 -841.89 re W n BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 81.9073 34.9961 Tm 0 0 0 0 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (7)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 259.0563 797.3701 Tm 0 .25 0 0 k [(UK HIGHER EDUCA)73(TION: A WORKF)10(ORCE IN CRISIS)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 12 0 0 12 450.5756 35.8504 Tm (MARCH 2022)Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 .7 k 70.862 466.637 453.539 40.011 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 .25 0 0 k 70.862 425.616 453.536 40.011 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT8 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 74.1086 489.7812 Tm 0 0 0 0 k (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 85.4471 489.7812 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(R)9.9(espondent)9.9(s ag)17.9(ed 60+ \(71%\) and those ag)17.9(ed 1829 \(67%\) ar)9.9(e the mos)19.9(t)-.1( lik)27.9(ely t)17.9(o)-.1( le)10.9(av)7.9(e o)7.9(v)7.9(e)-.1(r)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 498.1184 489.7812 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 85.4471 474.7812 Tm [(cut)10(s t)18(o)0( pensions )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 164.4388 474.7812 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT8 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 74.1086 448.4426 Tm 0 1 0 0 k (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 85.4471 448.4426 Tm [(Casualised s)20(t)20(a)]TJ /TT3 1 Tf 6.256 0 TD <000d>Tj /TT4 1 Tf .657 0 TD [( ar)10(e 10 per)10(c)28(ent)20(ag)18(e point)10(s mor)10(e lik)28(ely t)18(o)0( say the)6(y w)8(e)0(r)10(e)0( lik)28(ely or v)8(e)0(r)-7(y)0( lik)28(ely t)18(o)0( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 508.4609 448.4426 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 85.4471 433.4426 Tm [(c)28(onsider le)11(aving the sec)10(t)18(or \(hourly p)11(aid & fix)26(ed t)18(erm 68%, permanent 58%\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 431.7058 433.4426 Tm 0 0 0 0 k ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15 0 0 15 70.8617 566.1165 Tm 0 0 0 .89 k -.01 Tc [(U)10(S)18(S pensions)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15 0 0 15 157.5778 566.1165 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8617 545.4472 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(Mor)9.9(e than thr)9.9(ee in fiv)7.9(e \(61%\) of r)9.9(espondent)9.9(s said the)5.9(y w)7.9(e)-.1(r)9.9(e)-.1( lik)27.9(ely or v)7.9(e)-.1(r)-7.1(y)-.1( lik)27.9(ely t)17.9(o)-.1( le)10.9(av)7.9(e the )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 493.3925 545.4472 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8617 530.4472 Tm [(univ)8(er)8(sity sec)10(t)18(or in the ne)16(x)28(t)0( fiv)8(e y)8(e)11(ar)8(s o)8(v)8(er cut)10(s t)18(o)0( U)10(S)18(S pensions.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 369.4925 530.4472 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 394.1483 Tm 0 1 0 0 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(The situa)13.9(tion with p)13.9(ay and pensions is e)6.9(xis)19.9(t)13.9(ential f)9.9(or me. E)9.9(v)3.9(en though I am now on a )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 470.9232 394.1483 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 378.1483 Tm [(permanent c)21(ontr)24(ac)10(t)-7(,)0( I do no)17(t antici)]TJ 14.495 0 TD -.014 Tc .014 Tw [(pate)-14( t)-14(h)-14(a)0(t)-14( I)-14( )]TJ 4.424 0 TD -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(will be able t)13.9(o)-.1( live c)20.9(omf)9.9(ort)20.9(ably in r)9.9(e)9.9(tir)9.9(ement)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 490.7787 378.1483 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 362.1482 Tm (a)Tj /TT1 1 Tf .484 0 TD <0011>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .56 0 TD -.0201 Tc .0001 Tw [(er a long c)9.9(a)-.1(r)9.9(eer in HE. So much as I love it)-7.1(, I am c)20.9(onsidering my op)16.9(tions out)9.9(side the sec)9.9(t)13.9(o)-.1(r)56.9(.)103.9()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 483.5165 362.1482 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 346.1482 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(A lec)9.9(tur)9.9(er a)17.9(t)-.1( the Univ)7.9(er)7.9(sity of K)15.9(ent \(5)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 269.7957 346.1482 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 274.8357 346.1482 Tm [(9 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s in the sec)10(t)18(or\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 370.4698 346.1482 Tm 0 1 0 0 k ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 315.1482 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(I work)17.9(ed so har)9.9(d t)13.9(o)-.1( be able t)13.9(o)-.1( emb)13.9(ark on a c)9.9(a)-.1(r)9.9(eer in ac)9.9(ademia, and now I jus)19.9(t f)9.9(eel so duped.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 501.6989 315.1482 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 299.1482 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(I c)9.8(an't unders)19.8(t)20.8(and why universities don't w)9.8(ant t)13.8(o)-.2( r)9.8(e)9.8(t)20.8(ain t)20.8(alent and tr)9.8(e)13.8(a)13.8(t)-.2( s)19.8(t)20.8(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 30.985 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD [( with r)10(espec)10(t)-7(.)0( I)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 494.16 299.1482 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 283.1482 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(worr)-25.1(y c)20.9(ons)19.9(t)20.9(antly about my futur)9.9(e, and with cut)9.9(s t)13.9(o)-.1( pensions I now worr)-25.1(y about mine and my)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 502.5702 283.1482 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 267.1482 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(f)19.9(amily')19.9(s long t)13.9(erm futur)9.9(e as well. F)13.9(or the firs)19.9(t)-.1( time sinc)20.9(e emb)13.9(arking on an )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 418.1187 267.1482 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 251.1482 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(ac)9.8(ademic c)9.8(a)-.2(r)9.8(eer about 5 ye)13.8(ars ag)13.8(o I am seriously c)20.8(onsidering an alt)13.8(erna)13.8(tive c)9.8(a)-.2(r)9.8(eer)56.8(.)103.8()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 461.6939 251.1482 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 235.1483 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [(A r)10(ese)11(ar)10(ch ac)10(ademic on a fix)26(ed t)18(erm c)28(ontr)28(ac)10(t a)18(t)0( Durham Univ)8(er)8(sity )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 408.5953 235.1483 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 219.1482 Tm [(\(59 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s in the sec)10(t)18(or\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 211.1427 219.1482 Tm 0 1 0 0 k ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 188.1482 Tm [(I'm an e)14(arly c)10(a)0(r)10(eer r)10(ese)14(ar)10(cher and c)21(onsequently am lik)18(ely t)14(o)0( be one of the har)10(des)20(t hit by the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 501.6043 188.1482 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 172.1482 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(pension cut)9.9(s. 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S)23.9(t)20.9(arting my firs)19.9(t)-.1( pos)19.9(t)13.9(doc and finally e)13.9(arning an inc)20.9(ome, while having t)13.9(o)-.1( p)13.9(ay )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 469.7053 732.9753 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 716.9754 Tm (o)Tj /TT1 1 Tf .542 0 TD <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [( lo)13.9(ans f)9.9(or my educ)9.9(a)13.9(tion until now)40.9(,)-.1( and finding out tha)13.9(t pensions ar)9.9(e cut by 35% is )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 466.7757 716.9754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 700.9754 Tm [(absolut)14(ely demo)17(tiv)20(a)14(ting. It mak)18(es me c)21(onsider le)14(aving ac)10(ademia alt)14(og)14(e)10(ther)57(, while I)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 461.8408 700.9754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 684.9753 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(w)9.8(ant)13.8(ed t)13.8(o)-.2( do r)9.8(ese)13.8(ar)9.8(ch and t)13.8(e)13.8(ach sinc)20.8(e I w)9.8(as 12 ye)13.8(ars old.)103.8()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 348.8608 684.9753 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 668.9754 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(A r)9.9(ese)10.9(ar)9.9(ch ac)9.9(ademic on a fix)25.9(ed t)17.9(erm c)27.9(ontr)27.9(ac)9.9(t a)17.9(t)-.1( the Univ)7.9(er)7.9(sity of E)9.9(dinbur)9.9(gh)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 446.3953 668.9754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 652.9754 Tm [(\(14 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s in the sec)10(t)18(or\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 209.0427 652.9754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 15 0 0 15 70.8661 614.2983 Tm 0 0 0 .89 k -.01 Tc [(A demor)28(alised w)8(orkf)10(or)10(c)28(e)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15 0 0 15 231.9531 614.2983 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 593.629 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(88% of r)9.9(espondent)9.9(s said the)5.9(y w)7.9(e)-.1(r)9.9(e)-.1( no)25.9(t op)25.9(timis)19.9(tic or no)25.9(t op)25.9(timis)19.9(tic a)17.9(t)-.1( all about the futur)9.9(e of higher )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 525.842 593.629 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 578.629 Tm [(educ)10(a)18(tion in the UK. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 166.5212 578.629 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 439.2444 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(The t)13.9(e)-.1(s)19.9(timony r)9.9(e)-.1(c)20.9(eived fr)9.9(om the sur)-25.1(vey shows tha)13.9(t the er)9.9(osion of pensions, p)13.9(ay and working c)20.9(onditions)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 523.1117 439.2444 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 424.2444 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(is cle)13.9(arly having a signific)9.9(ant imp)13.9(ac)9.9(t on the wellbeing of s)19.9(t)20.9(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 24.573 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD [( in the sec)10(t)14(o)0(r)57(.)0( Many r)10(espondent)10(s r)10(eport)14(ed)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 516.3289 424.2444 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 409.2444 Tm [(serious c)21(onc)21(erns about their ment)21(al he)14(alth and e)7(x)24(tr)10(emely low mor)24(ale w)10(as a c)21(onsis)20(t)14(ent theme.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 480.6078 409.2444 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 385.7444 Tm 0 1 0 0 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(I am ver)-25.1(y)-.1( unhappy about the pr)9.9(ospec)9.9(t of sending the r)9.9(e)-.1(s)19.9(t)-.1( of my c)9.9(a)-.1(r)9.9(eer in UK higher )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 465.1586 385.7444 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 369.7444 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(educ)9.9(a)13.9(tion, no)16.9(t higher educ)9.9(a)13.9(tion g)13.9(ener)23.9(ally)34.9(. R)9.9(e)-.1(c)20.9(ent chang)13.9(es have enc)20.9(our)23.9(ag)13.9(ed me t)13.9(o)-.1( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 460.9589 369.7444 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 353.7444 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(c)20.9(onsider moving abr)9.9(o)13.9(ad mor)9.9(e than le)13.9(aving higher educ)9.9(a)13.9(tion.)103.9( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 369.2727 353.7444 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 337.7444 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [(A lec)10(tur)10(er a)18(t)0( Sw)10(anse)11(a Univ)8(er)8(sity \(59 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s in the sec)10(t)18(or\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 360.6418 337.7444 Tm 0 1 0 0 k ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 306.7444 Tm [(I have been applying f)10(or jobs out)10(side ac)10(ademia/HE sinc)21(e Januar)-25(y)35(.)0( My ment)21(al and physic)10(al)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 492.7318 306.7444 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 290.7444 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(he)13.9(alth have t)20.9(a)-.1(k)17.9(en such t)13.9(oll by being in UK ac)9.9(ademia tha)13.9(t I don't think I')28.9(d sur)-25.1(vive t)13.9(o)-.1( see my)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 492.0074 290.7444 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 274.7444 Tm [(40s if this c)21(ontinues.)104( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 191.6756 274.7444 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 258.7444 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [(A r)10(ese)11(ar)10(ch ac)10(ademic under 30 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s old on a fix)26(ed t)18(erm c)28(ontr)28(ac)10(t a)18(t)0( Univ)8(er)8(sity Colle)10(g)18(e)0( )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 492.3224 258.7444 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 242.7444 Tm [(L)14(ondon \(14 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s in the sec)10(t)18(or\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 246.1182 242.7444 Tm 0 1 0 0 k ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 211.7444 Tm -.0151 Tc .0001 Tw [(I don't think ang)13.9(er)56.9(, p)13.9(ain, or frus)19.9(tr)23.9(a)13.9(tion adequa)13.9(t)13.9(ely describe how I f)9.9(eel any long)13.9(er)56.9(. I've been)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 479.7537 211.7444 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 195.7444 Tm -.015 Tc [(thr)10(ough all of these emo)17(tions b)14(ack when I c)10(a)0(r)10(ed - when I c)10(a)0(r)10(ed about the ins)20(titution, when I)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 483.3027 195.7444 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 179.7444 Tm -.015 Tc [(c)10(a)0(r)10(ed about wha)14(t higher educ)10(a)14(tion s)20(t)14(ood f)10(o)0(r)57(,)0( when I c)10(a)0(r)10(ed about s)20(t)0(r)24(a)14(t)14(e)10(gies and missions and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 492.2278 179.7444 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 163.7444 Tm -.0253 Tc .0003 Tw [(v)19.7(alues. 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Ther)10(e')20(s so much wr)10(ong in)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 484.7726 147.7444 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 131.7444 Tm -.015 Tc [(higher educ)10(a)14(tion tha)14(t I no long)14(er believe it is fix)10(able )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 317.8751 131.7444 Tm 0 Tc ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 322.7577 131.7444 Tm -.015 Tc [( the ment)21(ality is t)14(oo engr)24(ained, the )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 471.2275 131.7444 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 115.7444 Tm -.0154 Tc [(manag)13.6(ers )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 143.2811 115.7444 Tm -.02 Tc [(t)14(oo disc)21(onnec)10(t)14(ed,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 218.0943 115.7444 Tm -.015 Tc [( the purpose of educ)10(a)14(tion t)14(oo c)21(omple)10(t)14(ely dis)20(t)14(ort)14(ed. 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F)13.9(or v)19.9(arious r)9.9(e)13.9(asons, those days ar)9.9(e long g)13.9(one. Ther)9.9(e is now ver)-25.1(y)-.1( lit)19.9(tle)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 490.2853 638.6005 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 622.6004 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(c)20.9(onsult)20.9(a)13.9(tion and ther)9.9(e has been a pr)9.9(olong)13.9(ed c)9.9(amp)13.9(aign of ac)9.9(ademic disempowerment )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 477.3912 622.6004 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 606.6004 Tm [(enac)10(t)14(ed by a self)14(-ser)-25(ving manag)14(ement)-7(. Self)14(-appoint)14(ed Councils ar)10(e inc)21(onsis)20(t)14(ent with EDI )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 489.6658 606.6004 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 590.6004 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(objec)9.8(tives and as a f)9.8(orm of g)13.8(overnanc)20.8(e wer)9.8(e)-.2( no)16.8(t appr)9.8(opria)13.8(t)13.8(e)-.2( f)9.8(or the 20th c)20.8(entur)-25.2(y never)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 478.8717 590.6004 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 574.6004 Tm -.015 Tc [(mind the 21s)20(t)-7(.)0( UC)14(U should be c)10(amp)14(aigning f)10(or a r)10(o)0(o)17(t)0( and br)24(anch r)10(e)0(f)10(orm of higher educ)10(a)14(tion)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 488.4163 574.6004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 558.6004 Tm -.0006 Tc .0006 Tw [(g)13.4(overnanc)20.4(e in which work)17.4(ers have a )]TJ 15.213 0 TD -.0004 Tc .0004 Tw [(vo)16.6(t)13.6(e)-.4( on appointment)9.6(s t)13.6(o)-.4( Council and University )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 469.4323 558.6004 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 542.6004 Tm -.0003 Tc .0003 Tw [(E)30.7(x)16.7(ecutive Bo)13.7(ar)9.7(ds. Without r)9.7(e)-.3(f)9.7(orm of g)13.7(overnanc)20.7(e, the British university sec)9.7(t)13.7(or is s)19.7(t)-.3(u)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 34.196 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .567 0 TD (ed )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 477.3597 542.6004 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 526.6004 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(and will s)19.9(t)13.9(op being world-le)13.9(ading within a g)13.9(ener)23.9(a)13.9(tion.)103.9()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 335.6201 526.6004 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 510.6004 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(A lec)9.9(tur)9.9(er a)17.9(t)-.1( the Univ)7.9(er)7.9(sity of Southamp)25.9(t)17.9(on \(30+ y)7.9(e)10.9(ar)7.9(s in the sec)9.9(t)17.9(or\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 412.8163 510.6004 Tm 0 1 0 0 k 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 479.6004 Tm [(All these issues arise fr)10(om the seemingly uns)20(t)14(opp)14(able gr)10(owth of a p)14(a)0(r)24(asitic manag)14(ement)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 484.2793 479.6004 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 463.6004 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(s)19.9(truc)9.9(tur)9.9(e tha)13.9(t seeks t)13.9(o)-.1( impose a c)20.9(orpor)23.9(a)13.9(t)13.9(e)-.1( s)19.9(truc)9.9(tur)9.9(e tha)13.9(t is wholly unsuit)13.9(ed t)13.9(o)-.1( universities)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 490.0648 463.6004 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 447.6004 Tm [(and wha)14(t they ar)10(e ther)10(e t)14(o)0( do)10(. We mus)20(t insis)20(t tha)14(t universities mak)18(e pr)10(oper use of such)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 477.1078 447.6004 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 431.6004 Tm [(democr)24(a)14(tic pr)10(oc)21(esses in their c)21(ons)20(titutions; and then t)21(a)0(k)18(e)0( things further t)14(o)0( insis)20(t tha)14(t )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 472.4352 431.6004 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 415.6004 Tm -.0003 Tc .0003 Tw [(decisions ar)9.7(e made democr)23.7(a)13.7(tic)9.7(ally by university s)19.7(t)20.7(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 21.394 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD [( -- the people who ac)10(tually do the )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 477.8638 415.6004 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 399.6004 Tm [(r)10(ese)14(ar)10(ch and t)14(e)14(aching -- and no)17(t the w)10(a)0(s)20(t)14(eful and damaging middle manag)14(ement)-7(. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 459.3312 399.6004 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 99.2126 383.6004 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(A lec)9.8(tur)9.8(er a)17.8(t)-.2( the Univ)7.8(er)7.8(sity of She)]TJ /TT3 1 Tf 14.743 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <000d>Tj /TT4 1 Tf .657 0 TD (ield \(10)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 295.0692 383.6004 Tm ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 300.1092 383.6004 Tm [(14 y)8(e)11(ar)8(s in the sec)10(t)18(or\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 401.2874 383.6004 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 15 0 0 15 70.8661 344.9233 Tm 0 0 0 .89 k -.01 Tc [(A t)18(erminal thr)10(e)11(a)18(t t)18(o)0( higher educ)10(a)18(tion)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 15 0 0 15 309.9993 344.9233 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 324.254 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(The r)9.9(esult)9.9(s of the sur)-25.1(vey simply r)9.9(einf)9.9(or)9.9(c)20.9(e)-.1( wha)13.9(t our members have been t)13.9(elling us f)9.9(or ye)13.9(ars tha)13.9(t they)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 512.2864 324.254 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 309.254 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(and their c)20.8(olle)13.8(agues have r)9.8(e)13.8(ached br)9.8(e)13.8(aking point)-7.2(. If ther)9.8(e w)9.8(as any doub)16.8(t tha)13.8(t the university workf)9.8(or)9.8(c)20.8(e)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 515.6779 309.254 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 294.254 Tm [(is in crisis, tha)14(t mus)20(t no long)14(er be the c)10(ase.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 257.4197 294.254 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 271.754 Tm [(The sec)10(t)14(or needs ur)10(g)14(ent chang)14(e. Without ac)10(tion, no)17(t only will we see an e)7(x)17(odus of t)21(alent)14(ed and )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 486.5613 271.754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 256.754 Tm [(e)7(xperienc)21(ed s)20(t)21(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 6.528 0 TD <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [( in the c)20.8(oming ye)13.8(ars, but the sec)9.8(t)13.8(or will bec)20.8(ome incr)9.8(e)13.8(asingly una)13.8(t)19.8(t)-.2(r)23.8(a)-.2(c)9.8(tive t)13.8(o)-.2( new )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 496.5994 256.754 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 241.754 Tm -.0205 Tc (sta)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 1.22 0 TD 0 Tc <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .527 0 TD [(. Those who r)10(emain will c)21(ontinue t)14(o)0( s)20(truggle t)14(o)0( do their jobs t)14(o)0( the bes)20(t of their ability bec)10(ause of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 511.3309 241.754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 226.754 Tm [(the endemic insecurity)35(, unr)10(e)14(alis)20(tic worklo)14(ad demands and lack of r)10(espec)10(t f)10(or their pr)10(of)10(essionalism. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 505.4402 226.754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8661 196.754 Tm [(Ultima)14(t)14(ely)35(, it is s)20(tudent)10(s who will p)14(ay the pric)21(e unless ac)10(tion is t)21(a)0(k)18(en t)14(o)0( turn the tide.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 439.3532 196.754 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 358 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 388 0 obj <> endobj 398 0 obj <> endobj 412 0 obj <> endobj 415 0 obj <> endobj 416 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 841.89 595.276 -841.89 re 297.645 420.96 m W n .015015 841.89 595.29 -841.89 re W n /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 24 0 0 24 70.8663 738.8504 Tm 0 1 0 0 k -.02 Tc 0 Tw [(R)10(e)0(c)28(ommenda)18(tions)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 24 0 0 24 261.1875 738.8504 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 709.6772 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(In or)9.8(der t)13.8(o)-.2( addr)9.8(ess the c)20.8(onc)20.8(erns outlined above, UC)13.8(U has f)9.8(our k)17.8(e)-5.2(y r)9.8(e)-.2(c)20.8(ommenda)13.8(tions f)9.8(or employers and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 522.3979 709.6772 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 694.6772 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(politicians, as f)9.8(ollows: )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 169.3983 694.6772 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 672.1772 Tm 0 1 0 0 k (1.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 82.2048 672.1772 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(In the short t)13.8(erm, employers mus)19.8(t ur)9.8(g)13.8(ently addr)9.8(ess the c)20.8(onc)20.8(erns of s)19.8(t)20.8(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 29.286 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD [( on the issues of f)20(alling p)14(a)0(y)35(,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 514.9731 672.1772 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 82.2048 657.1772 Tm -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(pension cut)9.9(s, c)9.9(asualisa)13.9(tion, p)13.9(ay inequality and worklo)13.9(ad. This would be the firs)19.9(t)-.1( s)19.9(t)13.9(ep in pr)9.9(eventing)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 511.6865 657.1772 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 82.2048 642.1772 Tm [(an e)7(x)17(odus of s)20(t)21(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 6.683 0 TD <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0009 Tc .0009 Tw [( over the c)20.1(oming ye)13.1(ars. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 261.1775 642.1772 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 619.6772 Tm 0 1 0 0 k (2.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 82.2048 619.6772 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(The E)9.9(duc)9.9(a)13.9(tion Selec)9.9(t Commit)19.9(t)13.9(ee should launch an inquir)-25.1(y int)13.9(o the wellbeing of s)19.9(t)20.9(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 34.311 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0003 Tc .0003 Tw ( and the working)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 521.8085 619.6772 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 82.2048 604.6772 Tm [(cultur)10(e in UK higher educ)10(a)14(tion. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 219.9754 604.6772 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 582.1772 Tm 0 1 0 0 k (3.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 82.2048 582.1772 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(Government)9.8(s in England, W)15.8(ales and Northern Ir)9.8(eland should t)20.8(a)-.2(k)17.8(e)-.2( me)13.8(asur)9.8(es t)13.8(o)-.2( s)19.8(t)-.2(r)9.8(engthen university)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 518.2385 582.1772 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 82.2048 567.1772 Tm -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [(g)13.8(overnanc)20.8(e, dr)23.8(awing on the Higher E)9.8(duc)9.8(a)13.8(tion Governanc)20.8(e \(Sc)20.8(o)16.8(tland\) Ac)9.8(t of 2016, which: )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 468.9725 567.1772 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT8 1 Tf 8 0 0 8 82.2048 547.3583 Tm 0 .7 0 0 k (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 93.5435 547.3583 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [(ensur)10(es s)20(t)21(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 4.678 0 TD <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0002 Tc .0002 Tw [( and tr)23.8(ade union r)9.8(epr)9.8(esent)20.8(a)13.8(tion on g)13.8(overning bodies )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 380.6556 547.3583 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT8 1 Tf 8 0 0 8 82.2048 527.5394 Tm 0 .7 0 0 k (l)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 93.5435 527.5394 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [(democr)23.9(a)13.9(tises ins)19.9(titutions thr)9.9(ough the intr)9.9(oduc)9.9(tion of elec)9.9(t)13.9(ed chairs of g)13.9(overning bodies. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 482.0854 527.5394 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 505.0394 Tm 0 1 0 0 k (4.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 82.2048 505.0394 Tm 0 0 0 1 k .0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(The Dep)14.1(artment f)10.1(or E)10.1(duc)10.1(a)14.1(tion in England should ev)20.1(alua)14.1(t)14.1(e).1( the imp)14.1(ac)10.1(t which quality assur)24.1(anc)21.1(e )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 493.4376 505.0394 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 82.2048 490.0394 Tm [(mechanisms such as the T)66(e)14(aching E)31(x)17(c)21(ellenc)21(e F)20(r)24(amework and R)10(ese)14(ar)10(ch E)31(x)17(c)21(ellenc)21(e F)20(r)24(amework )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 492.1986 490.0394 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 82.2048 475.0394 Tm [(ar)10(e having on s)20(t)21(a)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 7.058 0 TD <0035>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .577 0 TD -.0001 Tc .0001 Tw [( worklo)13.9(ad in higher educ)9.9(a)13.9(tion. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10.5 0 0 10.5 297.4759 475.0394 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 24 0 0 24 70.8663 428.3622 Tm 0 1 0 0 k -.0196 Tc [(Me)10.4(thodology)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 24 0 0 24 204.9552 428.3622 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 10.5 0 0 10.5 70.8663 399.189 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [(UC)14(U sent an elec)10(tr)10(onic sur)-25(vey via email t)14(o)0( it)10(s members in 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